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- Description : Forex Trading 3 0.1% under normal market conditions. With larger dealers (where volumes are huge), the spread could be as low as 0.05%.
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Forex Trading
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Forex Trading
About the Tutorial
Forex Market is an exciting place. The one good thing about entering into the forex market
is that you can trade anytime as per your convenience.
The forex market is enormous in size and is the largest market with millions of participants.
Hundreds of thousands of individuals (like us), money exchangers, to banks, to hedge
fund managers everybody participates in the forex market.
This tutorial covers the fundamentals of forex trading.
This tutorial is prepared for beginners to gain some knowledge before they begin their
journey with trading. Professional who are already into forex trading can also draw benefit
from this tutorial.
Audience
Prerequisites
We assume that you know the essential terms related to forex trading and the basic
standards of currency trade.
Copyright & Disclaimer
Copyright 2018 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.
All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I)
Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish
any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent
of the publisher.
We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as
possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt.
Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our
website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or
in this tutorial, please notify us at contact@tutorialspoint.com
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Forex Trading
Table of Contents
About the Tutorial ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. i
Audience ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. i
Prerequisites ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. i
Copyright & Disclaimer ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. i
Table of Contents ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ii
1. Forex Trading – Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
What is Forex? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2
Why Trade Forex? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2
Who Trades Forex? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3
When can you trade forex? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3
Forex Market Hours ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3
2. Forex Trading – The structure of the forex market ………………………………………………………………………… 5
Hierarchy of Participants ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
Market Participants ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6
Currency pair ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
Commonly Used Currency Pair ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
The Bid-Ask Spread ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9
What are Bullish and Bearish Markets? ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
What happens in a Bull Market? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10
What happens in a Bear Market? …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10
What is Lot size? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11
What is long in forex trade? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11
What is short in forex trade? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11
What are Pending Orders in Forex Trade? ………………………………………………………………………………………. 11
What is Leverage and Margin? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 12
Hedging………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 13
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Forex Trading
3. Forex Trading – Major Currencies and Trade Systems ………………………………………………………………….. 15
Major Currencies …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 15
Different Trade systems on Forex ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 17
4. Forex Trading – Types of Market Analysis ………………………………………………………………………………….. 19
Fundamental Analysis …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19
When to use fundamental analysis for the forex market? …………………………………………………………………. 19
Key factors influencing fundamental analysis ………………………………………………………………………………….. 20
Technical Analysis ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
Dow Theory for Technical Analysis …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
Sentimental Analysis ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
What type of analysis is better? …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22
5. Forex Trading – Kinds of Foreign Exchange Market ……………………………………………………………………… 23
Spot Market ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23
Major Participants on the Spot Exchange Market …………………………………………………………………………….. 23
Forward Market …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24
Future Markets ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25
Option Market …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 25
6. Forex Trading – Benefits of Trading Forex ………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
UNIT 2: DRIVING FORCES BEHIND FOREX MARKET …………………………………………………………. 29
7. Forex Trading – Fundamental Market Forces ……………………………………………………………………………… 31
Economic Growth and Outlook ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 31
Capital Flows……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
Trade Flows and Trade Balance ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 32
The socio political environment of a country …………………………………………………………………………………… 32
8. Forex Trading – Technical Indicators …………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
What is a chart? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
Types of Charts ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
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Forex Trading
9. Forex Trading – Pattern Study of Trends, Support and Resistance …………………………………………………. 38
Kinds of Trends ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 38
Percentage Retracement ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 42
The Trendline ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 43
10. Forex Trading – Technical Strategy in Price Patterns ……………………………………………………………………. 46
Price Action Patterns ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 46
Pattern Types………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 46
Building the Price Pattern Rules …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 47
Strength of a trend: length and steepness of trend-waves ………………………………………………………………… 48
Strength of trends: depth of pullbacks ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 49
11. Forex Trading – Oscillator Divergences ……………………………………………………………………………………… 50
Categories of Indicators ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 50
Relative Strength Index (RSI) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 53
Overbought and Oversold …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 54
Divergence ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 54
Estimating Price Targets ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 57
12. Forex Trading – The Role of Inflation ………………………………………………………………………………………… 58
Higher and Lower Inflation ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 58
Gross National Product (GNP) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 59
How GDP affects Forex market? …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 59
Producer Price Index ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 59
Consumer Price Index (CPI) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 60
13. Forex Trading – The Commodity Connection ………………………………………………………………………………. 61
UNIT 3: PUTTING IT TOGETHER ……………………………………………………………………………………. 62
14. Forex Trading – Position Sizing & Money Management ……………………………………………………………….. 63
Determining your Position Size ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 63
Creating a Forex trading spreadsheet to track your performance ………………………………………………………. 64
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Forex Trading
Foreign Exchange Risks …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 64
15. Forex Trading – Foreign Exchange Risks …………………………………………………………………………………….. 65
Exchange Rate Risk ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 65
Credit Risk …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 65
Liquidity Risk ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 66
Operational Risk ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 66
Interest Rate Risk …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 66
Country Risk ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 66
16. Forex Trading – Trading Rules to Live By ……………………………………………………………………………………. 69
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Forex Trading
UNIT 1: Welcome to the World’s Largest
Financial Market
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1. Forex Trading – Introduction
Forex Trading
Forex Market is an exciting place. The one good thing about entering into the forex market
is that you can trade anytime as per your convenience.
The global Foreign exchange market (‘FX’, ‘Forex’ or ‘FOREX’) is the largest market in the
world as measured by the daily turnover with more than US$5 trillion a day eclipsing the
combined turnover of the world’s stock and bond markets. The forex market measuring a
propelling turnover is one of the many reasons why so many private investors and
individual traders have entered the market. The investors have discovered several
advantages many of which are not available in the other markets.
What is Forex?
Forex (in simple terms, currency) is also called the foreign exchange, FX or currency
trading. It is a decentralized global market where all the world’s currencies trade with each
other. It is the largest liquid market in the world.
The liquidity (more buyers and sellers) and competitive pricing (the spread is very small
between bid and ask price) available in this marked are great. With the irregularity in the
performance in other markets, the growth of forex trading, investing and management is
in upward trajectory.
Why Trade Forex?
So, why trade Forex? There are many reasons to trade in Forex. If we ask four different
people, you might get more than four different answers. Primarily, making money is the
most frequently cited reason for why trade Forex.
Let us now consider the following reasons why so many people are choosing forex market:
Forex market never sleeps
The Forex market works 24 hours and 5-1/2 days a week. Because governments,
corporates and private individual who require currency exchange services are spread
around the world, so trading on the forex market never stops. Activity on the forex market
follows the sun around the world, so right from the Monday morning opening in Australia
to the afternoon close in New York. At any point of the day you can find an active pair to
trade.
Long or Short
A trader in forex can trade both ways. It means a forex trader can play the market and
make profits irrespective of whether market is going up, down or is in tight range. So
irrespective of the event that has triggered the movement – forex traders do not care.
Low transaction cost
Most forex accounts trade with little or no commission and there is no exchange or data
license fees. Generally, the retail transaction fee (the bid/ask spread) is typically less than
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